Drug | Jotup

Russia and the Taliban: here’s why Putin wants to get closer to Afghanistan’s current rulers

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Thursday, April 18, 2024

Crocus City Hall, Economic union, Muslims, History, Economic development, Policy, Collective, Kremlin, Illegal drug trade, UN, Drug

The Kremlin has opened up discussions with the Taliban before, and Russia was one of the few nations to accredit a diplomat when the organisation took control of Afghanistan.

Key Points:

The Kremlin has opened up discussions with the Taliban before, and Russia was one of the few nations to accredit a diplomat when the organisation took control of Afghanistan.
But Afghanistan’s political and economic crisis and western sanctions on Russia due to the Ukraine war mean both sides have something to gain from a stronger relationship.
A few months later, Vladimir Putin signed a decree implementing the UN resolution and imposing sanctions against the Taliban.

Interests and goals

The Taliban wants international sanctions to be withdrawn, to take Afghanistan’s UN seat and for frozen assets to be released, which will help the country’s economic development.
Russia taking the Taliban off their terrorism list would be a first step toward international recognition for the current Afghan government.
Russia’s 2023 foreign policy plan mentions prospects for Afghanistan’s integration into “the Eurasian space for cooperation”.

Russia’s relationship building

The increasing cooperation between the Taliban and Russia has implications in terms of the ongoing rivalry between Russia and the west.
Since the beginning of the Ukraine war, Moscow has tried to get other nations to support its strategic view of why the war is happening.
This version of history and policy positions Russia as a protector of traditional religions and values and places it among major world civilisations, contrasting it with the “godless” west.

Intigam Mamedov does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

Draft revised Heads of Medicines Agency / European Medicines Agency guidance document on the identification of personal data and commercially confidential information within the structure of the marketing authorisation application dossier

Retrieved on:

Thursday, April 18, 2024

Steps, Union, Patient, CTD, Syndrome, CCI, Local, Disclosure, Toxicity, Process validation, MAH, Clinical trial, IP, RMP, Pharmacovigilance, Cell, Legislation, Annex, Trial of the century, Escherichia coli, Safety, Pediatrics, INTRODUCTION, Documentation, Prevalence, Vital signs, Tablet, Design, Transparency, Conclusion, Pip, Analysis, European Parliament, INN, Record, Quality, Generic, Biology, CMO, Genotoxicity, Composition, CTIS, Uncontrolled, Health care, European Medicines Agency, Prejudice, Committee, Policy, HCP, Animal, Characterization, Cell bank, Fertility, IRB, CMOS, Risk management, Private law, European Pharmacopoeia, Telephone, Research, Good, Data Protection Directive, Ampere-hour, IEC, QP, Human, Personal data, Labelling, Bibliography, Figure, MAA, R4, Institutional review board, Elucidation, Marketing, M4, ChromeOS, Contract research organization, Mental, Impairment, Toxicokinetics, NCA, Independent, Metabolite, Drug, Risk, Metabolism, GMO, Organ, EMA, Common Technical Document, General Data Protection Regulation, Confidentiality, PPD, PI, Language, DRUG, Privacy, Result, Claimed, Medication, Comparison, Ethics, Drive, PD, Narrative, EEA, Developmental toxicity, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pharmacopoeia, PIP, MCB, HMA, Physical chemistry, Midol, Particle size, Council, GCP, European Economic Area, Draft, Fermentation, Overview, Justification, Control, Dicarboxylic acid, Pharmacology, WCB, Expert, Immunogenicity, Data, Study, Publication, European, ICH, Element, Analytical procedures (finance auditing), Name, Common, Guideline, Exceptional circumstances, ID, Liver, Chin Na, Toxicology, Protein primary structure, Immunosuppressive drug, Vaccine

See websites for contact details

Key Points:

See websites for contact details
Heads of Medicines Agencies www.hma.eu
European Medicines Agency www.ema.europa.eu
11

Table of contents

12

Abbreviations .............................................................................................. 3

13

Definitions ................................................................................................... 4

14

1.
redaction, masking,
68

hiding) in such a manner that the recipient can no longer attribute the resulting information to a data

69

subject and make it identifiable.
81
Contract Manufacturing Organisation (CMO): shall mean an arrangement under which a

82

manufacturer provides upstream manufacturing services under contract on behalf of third-party

83

pharmaceutical companies.
94
Protected Personal Data (PPD): shall mean any personal data which should be protected from

95

disclosure.
?Finalised? shall mean that the marketing
102

authorisation (MA) has been granted or refused or that the MAA has been withdrawn.
The application of the general principles laid down in this guidance is without prejudice to
106

national rules on transparency.
The guidance should be read in conjunction with the relevant applicable
107

legislation and case law on transparency and data protection.
117
This guidance document is intended to apply to information/documents on medicinal products for

118

human use, for which the procedure has been finalised under the national, mutual recognition,

119

decentralised and centralised procedures.
Third
124

parties shall be informed or consulted as needed depending on respective national and European legal

125

frameworks.
140
In the following sections, the agreed principles on PD and CCI are presented, including guidance on

141

whether such information can be disclosed.
EMA/131365/2024
Page 5/50

142

Any information identified as PD or CCI must be subject to a preliminary review by the EMA/NCA prior

143

to the possible disclosure of the information/documents.
Principles on the protection of personal data (PD)
145

The protection of PD is enshrined in EU legislation; it is a fundamental right of EU citizens.
In
146

compliance with the applicable European/national legislation, PD should be anonymised in order to

147

avoid the disclosure of the document undermining the privacy and integrity of any individual.
EMA/NCA applies a risk-based approach to assess which PD elements are to be
152

removed from the information/documents in order to limit the risk of re-identification.
are included in the MAA dossier because they have a legally
164

defined role or responsibility and it is in the public interest to disclose this data.
168
Applicants are advised that non-essential information (e.g., personal address, personal phone number)

169

should not be included in the MAA dossier.
The
183

confidentiality of records that could identify subjects should be protected, respecting the privacy and

184

confidentiality rules in accordance with the applicable regulatory requirement(s).
185
The applicant remains responsible for compliance with the relevant legislation in cases where such data

186

is inadvertently included in the MAA dossier.
188
EMA/NCA applies a risk-based approach to assess which personal data elements need to be removed

189

from the information/documents in order to limit the risk of re-identification.
194
EMA/NCA applies a risk-based approach to assess which personal data elements need to be removed

195

from the information/documents in order to limit the risk of re-identification.
205
Any proposal to consider information as commercially confidential should be properly justified by the

206

owner of the information.
In this respect, any reference(s) to the risk of that interest being
209

undermined should be foreseeable and not purely hypothetical.
210
Information that is already in the public domain is not considered to be commercially confidential.
Information on the Quality and Manufacturing of medicines
226

A general principle regarding quality and manufacturing information is that detailed information could

227

be considered commercially confidential but general information should be disclosed.
234
In general, and if not in the public domain, the names of manufacturers or suppliers of the active

235

substance or the excipients are considered commercially confidential.
248
A general description of the type of test methods used and the appropriateness of the specification is

249

not commercially confidential.
General information on the fermentation and purification process
259

is not commercially confidential, although details including operating parameters and specific material

260

requirements are commercially confidential.
273
A general description of the type of test methods used and the appropriateness of the specification is

274

not commercially confidential.
In general, the data included in clinical trial study reports is considered to be data that can be
283

disclosed once PD has been anonymised.
338
In each module, a non-exhaustive list of information that may be considered protected personal data (PPD) or commercially confidential information

332
333

339

(CCI) is included.
?
Direct contact details such as telephone

Therefore, please refer to the appropriate sub-

number, fax number, email, postal address,

modules hereafter for guidance.
?
Information that may reveal strategic
(contractual) agreements

?

Any quality information on the clinical batches

principal investigator

that might be included here (such as e.g.
?
Information that may reveal strategic
(contractual) agreements

principal investigator

Study Reports
5.3.3.3

as the evaluation of new formulation, innovative

number, fax number, email, postal

Paediatric Development Plan (PIP), etc.
This may include taking into
More Than One Study
5.3.5.4

Other Clinical Study Reports

5.3.6

Reports of Post-Marketing
Experience

5.3.7

Direct identifiers such as name,
signature, contact details, etc.

How the ‘Mexican miracle’ kickstarted the modern US–Mexico drugs trade

Retrieved on:

Wednesday, April 10, 2024

The flow of cheap and deadly fentanyl over the border into the US has also fuelled an opioid epidemic that has killed over 1 million Americans since 2000.

Key Points:

The flow of cheap and deadly fentanyl over the border into the US has also fuelled an opioid epidemic that has killed over 1 million Americans since 2000.
It is a dark side to the so-called “Mexican miracle” that transformed the country’s economy between the 1940s and 1970s.
Stimulated by the Mexican and US governments’ promotion of infrastructure improvements and mass migration, the drug trade fuelled further lawful economic development throughout the country.

Cops, cartels and cash crops

Many of Durango’s battled-scarred and poverty-stricken former miners adapted to the national and global turbulence by turning to opium poppies, a profitable (and since 1920, illegal) cash crop.
Sap from opium poppies provides the raw material for drugs like morphine and heroin.
In response, US officials like Harry J. Anslinger promoted a “crusade” against the drug trade on both sides of the border.
In 1944, a joint US–Mexican expedition uncovered the largest opium plantation ever discovered in Mexico: the size of 325 football pitches.

Cold war Mexico

As the second world war gave way to the cold war, Latin American countries (often with US financial assistance) promoted urbanisation, industrialisation, infrastructural expansion, population growth and transnational economic integration.
Between 1950 and 1970, Mexico’s one-party state invested massively in public services and industrial and agricultural development.
But they helped connect the poppy fields of Durango to the rest of northern Mexico and the US border too.

The ‘heroin highway’

It consolidated Durango’s importance as a Mexican drug-production centre and transformed Chicago into the biggest heroin-trafficking hub on the continent.
The cash that trafficking organisations earned wholesaling heroin in the US was reinvested locally in everything from cattle ranches to construction companies and even an airline.

Instead, these were completely intertwined with the economic growth, infrastructure development and mass migration that characterised the Mexican miracle.
The story of the modern US–Mexican drug trade is not just about brutal violence and lives cut tragically short.

Nathaniel Morris received part of the funding for this research from the Leverlhulme Trust. He is affiliated with the Mexico & Central America Program of Noria Research.

Ecuador: raid on Mexican embassy draws international criticism – but President Noboa hopes voters approve

Retrieved on:

Wednesday, April 10, 2024

WikiLeaks, Vienna Convention, Private law, Associated, Associated Press, Ecuadorians, Diplomacy, Immunity, Arrest, Organization of American States, International law, Government, Violence, Drug

Ecuador’s security forces recently conducted a raid on the Mexican embassy in the country’s capital city, Quito.

Key Points:

Ecuador’s security forces recently conducted a raid on the Mexican embassy in the country’s capital city, Quito.
Against the backdrop of rampant narco-terrorism and escalating regional tensions, concerns have been raised about Ecuador’s respect for these fundamental principles.
The police raid on April 5 has drawn widespread criticism targeting Ecuador’s president, Daniel Noboa.
The country’s president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, condemned what it called the “despicable authoritarian” raid which is declared to be in violation of international law.

A political raid

To an extent the raid on the Mexican embassy is bound up with the Ecuadorian government’s aggressive approach to the country’s problems with drugs and gang violence.
Noboa’s initially high approval ratings have been falling thanks to the public perception that his hardline policies have done little to address the issue.
But Noboa’s referendum appears to serve a dual political purpose.

Sovereignty and security

So the raid on the Mexican embassy has raised doubts in many people’s minds as to whether a government with apparently scant regard for international law can be trusted not to abuse its new security laws.
The importance of Mexico’s relationship with Ecuador is central to addressing the mobility crisis in the region.
To protect people’s security in the region, diplomatic collaboration between countries such as Ecuador and Mexico is vital.

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

Most countries do not take a fair share of refugees – here’s how we could incentivise them

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Wednesday, April 10, 2024

Cooking, Research, Speech, Prejudice, International, Violence, Travel, Suggestion, Safety, World Bank, Ukrainians, Refugee, UN, Drug

More than 70 years later, the world is more connected and the nature of migration and asylum has changed.

Key Points:

More than 70 years later, the world is more connected and the nature of migration and asylum has changed.
UK home secretary James Cleverly (as well as his predecessor Suella Braverman) has suggested that such migration treaties are no longer fit for purpose.
Cleverly did not mention that this proportion has been surprisingly stable over the past 60 years.
Today, 70% of refugees are hosted in countries neighbouring where the people flee from.
While a few countries take most of the responsibility for refugees, many others shun cooperation.

Political challenges

Scholars have long explored the possibility of a legally binding mechanism to ensure that refugee protection is responsibly shared.
But such a system seems impossible in the current political climate.
The US, Australia and Italy all failed to endorse recent, non-binding, international agreements on responsibility-sharing for migration and refugee protection.
Despite this political difficulty, there could be ways to incentivise states to take more responsibility, without a legally binding system.

From safety to integration

More work needs to be done in host countries to help refugees integrate and avoid marginalisation and discrimination.
This could be through cultural exchanges between citizens and refugees, such as sport, cooking or language classes.

Matilde Rosina does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

Thailand’s Anti-Corruption Commission initiates an Anti-Corruption Education curriculum to educate Thai children and instill integrity value in society

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Wednesday, April 10, 2024

Corruption in Thai society during the past period has had enormous negative effects on the country and is a major obstacle to the country's development in all dimensions.

Key Points:

Corruption in Thai society during the past period has had enormous negative effects on the country and is a major obstacle to the country's development in all dimensions.
However, nowadays it has changed to become more complex which is involved with a conflict of interest and policy corruption.
"Children and youth are the future and hope of the country we can instill the idea that corruption is an unusual thing in society.
All of those are considered challenging goals of the NACC in driving the anti-corruption education curriculum toward future achievement.

Thailand’s National Anti-Corruption Commission issues guidelines to tackle corruption aiming to promote more foreign investors’ confidence

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Wednesday, April 10, 2024

Government, Finance, Integrity, Corruption, Risk, Perception, Ethics, Private sector, NACC, News, CAC, ITA, Fraud, Public sector, Virtue, Drug

Also, the move is aimed to increase foreign investors' confidence so that they will continue to invest in the country.

Key Points:

Also, the move is aimed to increase foreign investors' confidence so that they will continue to invest in the country.
Overall, many countries have failed to fight against corruption, with up to 95% of countries making no progress in tackling corruption since 2017.
The perception of corruption in government agencies providing investment services in Thailand was also at the moderate stage.
Thus, to promote more foreign investors' confidence, the NACC recently issued eight guidelines for both local and international investors' practices against corruption, he explained.

The National Anti-Corruption Commission Thailand seeks suitable measures to prevent corruption risks regarding rewards for officials to ensure transparency for all.

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Wednesday, April 10, 2024

Remuneration, Reward, Government, Information technology, Finance, Corruption, Risk, Comptroller, Ethics, Human, Private sector, NACC, News, Ministry, Virtue, NCC, Guideline, Drug

BANGKOK, THAILAND - Media OutReach Newswire - 18 March 2024 - The Office of the National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC), Thailand has brainstormed concerns from all related agencies to prevent corruption risk regarding bribery to officials and reward for officials to ensure transparency work of its officials and confidence for both local and international investors. In efforts to uphold ethical conduct among officials who are directly involved with tacking corruption, the NCC recently held a meeting to brainstorm ideas on "Guidelines for Preventing Corruption Risk Regarding Bribe Payment and Rewards from the Performance of Officials". This is aimed at voicing opinions for the revision of the guidelines for rewarding officers with appropriateness, fairness, and consistency with the performance of duties, and remuneration based on performance for officials who work in tackling corruption in the country. According to the NACC, it has provided recommendations for the revision of the reward payment for the Customs Department, the Ministry of Finance is afraid that the rewards caused 'moral hazards' among officials who are involved in the process of tackling corruption. Following the reward, it encouraged the officials to focus only on tasks with high rewards or having rewards, while neglecting to perform tasks with low rewards or no remuneration, which may cause corruption inequality, and unfairness among civil servants. The reward could also be considered as the risk of conflict of interest of the authority in determining the eligibility for the award and determining the proportion of the reward. The officials could risk rewarding themselves which was not inconsistent with the purpose of the guideline that wants to promote effective law enforcement, or may lead to the creation of false evidence in the disbursement of bribes. The meeting was attended by representatives of relevant agencies including the Ministry of Finance, the Customs Department, the Comptroller General's Department Excise Department, the Office of the Narcotics Control Commission Anti-Money Laundering Office, the Royal Thai Police, the Office of the Auditor General, experts, executives and officers. The meeting focused on various issues covering: who is entitled to receive the reward, the proportion and rate of payment of the reward, the appropriateness and fairness of the reward, the prevention of risks of discretion and conflict of interest, and the changing trend in the process of giving bribery and reward, explained Mrs. Suwana Suwanjuta, NACC Commissioner, who chaired the meeting. However, with the modernization and connectivity of information technology today, this enables agility and efficient linkage of various data, as well as the NACC's credibility among international, the reward for officers could be revised to ensure the appropriateness of providing rewards for the authorities and to encourage government officials to enforce the law more efficiently and equitably in the bureaucracy. In this regard, the NACC hopes that the meeting will voice concern from all involved so that the revision of the guidelines to provide rewards to officials will be more efficient and ensure transparency for all involved, helping improve standards in tackling corruption with more advancing and modernizing measures, the NACC concluded. ---------------------------------------------------- Reference: https://www.nacc.go.th/categorydetail/20180831184638361/20240312183512? *This press release translation is funded by the National Anti-Corruption Fund (NACF). Hashtag: #IntegrityWay #AntiCorruption #ZeroCorruption #NACC #NACF

Key Points:

BANGKOK, THAILAND - Media OutReach Newswire - 18 March 2024 - The Office of the National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC), Thailand has brainstormed concerns from all related agencies to prevent corruption risk regarding bribery to officials and reward for officials to ensure transparency work of its officials and confidence for both local and international investors.
In efforts to uphold ethical conduct among officials who are directly involved with tacking corruption, the NCC recently held a meeting to brainstorm ideas on "Guidelines for Preventing Corruption Risk Regarding Bribe Payment and Rewards from the Performance of Officials".
The National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC) is a constitutional independent organization and supervised by nine commissioners selected from various professions.
It has the authority to file charges in court as well as support and build up awareness of the penalties for committing corruption.

EQS-News: Cannovum Cannabis AG: Federal Council confirms cannabis legalization as of April 1, 2024, positive growth opportunities in Europe's largest consumer market

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Wednesday, April 10, 2024

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Cannovum Cannabis AG: Federal Council confirms cannabis legalization as of April 1, 2024, positive growth opportunities in Europe's largest consumer market

Key Points:

Cannovum Cannabis AG: Federal Council confirms cannabis legalization as of April 1, 2024, positive growth opportunities in Europe's largest consumer market
The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.
Cannovum Cannabis AG: Federal Council confirms cannabis legalization as of April 1, 2024, positive growth opportunities in Europe's largest consumer market
Cannovum Cannabis AG (stock exchanges Frankfurt/Xetra, Düsseldorf, Munich, Hamburg, Berlin, gettex: ISIN DE000A37FUP2) welcomes the legalization of cannabis in Germany confirmed today by the Federal Council.
This will provide new impetus for a billion-euro market in Europe's largest economy in the coming years.
Cannovum Cannabis AG plans to generate significant sales through offers for existing and emerging cannabis clubs.

The National Anti-Corruption Commission Thailand joins forces with international agencies to focus on preventing and suppressing transnational corruption

Retrieved on:

Wednesday, April 10, 2024

BANGKOK, THAILAND - Media OutReach Newswire - 25 March 2024 - As emerging with rapid digitalization that paves the way for transnational corruption, the National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC), Thailand further tightened its collaboration with international organizations in tackling new tactics and complicated illicit activities in accordance with global standards. The NACC's Secretary-General, Mr. Niwatchai Kasemmongkol recently met with representatives of the Nordic Police Liaison Office, led by Mr. Carsten Andersen, Assistant Attache/Liaison Officer, Nordic Police Affairs Department at the Danish Embassy, Thailand and Ms. Jane Ohlsson, Assistant Ambassador/Coordinating Officer for Police Affairs in the Nordic Countries at the Swedish Embassy, Thailand, along with NACC's executives and representatives from the Bureau of International Corruption Affairs and Cases, and the Bureau of Investigation and Special Affairs to enhance cooperation between the NACC enforcement agencies in combating transnational corruption. "Current corruption problems are not limited to any one country. But it has developed into a transnational crime, which affects all countries around the world. Therefore, cooperation between each other in various forms, both bilateral and multilateral is considered an important mechanism for effectively preventing transnational corruption of all kinds," said the NACC secretary-general. He further elaborated that the NACC has collaboration with enforcement agencies from the Nordic countries in both bilateral and multilateral. It has a memorandum of understanding between each other to exchange legal information, coordinate cases, as well as academic cooperation in particular, the sharing of knowledge and anti-corruption practices which is beneficial to raising the level of the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) of Thailand. This tie collaboration will help promote the prevention and suppression of corruption in Thailand more effectively. Furthermore, under the cooperation, both sides discussed and exchanged information on international cooperation in criminal matters related to corruption cases between Thailand and the Nordic countries. Denmark has expressed great interest in the NACC's corruption prosecutions and is willing to cooperate in solving transnational corruption cases, while also exchanging information that is beneficial to the fight against corruption. Mr. Niwatchai concluded that the NACC has given great importance to strengthening and expanding the network of cooperation with law enforcement agencies of various countries to deal with transnational corruption continuously. Presently, the NACC, in Thailand has made memoranda of understanding with 25 law enforcement agencies and international organizations, including nine ASEAN countries, the Ministry of Supervision of China, the Independent Authority against Corruption of Mongolia, the Anti-Corruption Commission of Bhutan, the Independent Commission Against Corruption of Australia, the Oversight and Anti-Corruption Authority of Saudi Arabia, the Police Presidium of the Czech Republic, Federal Ministry of the Interior of Austria, Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, International Department of the National Crime Agency of the United Kingdom, and Office of the Comptroller General of Brazil, as well as World Bank, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA), Basel Institute on Governance, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the UN International Organization for Migration (IOM). ----------------------------------------- *This exclusive interview translation is funded by the National Anti-Corruption Fund (NACF). Hashtag: #IntegrityWay #AntiCorruption #ZeroCorruption #NACC #NACF

Key Points:

Therefore, cooperation between each other in various forms, both bilateral and multilateral is considered an important mechanism for effectively preventing transnational corruption of all kinds," said the NACC secretary-general.
He further elaborated that the NACC has collaboration with enforcement agencies from the Nordic countries in both bilateral and multilateral.
Furthermore, under the cooperation, both sides discussed and exchanged information on international cooperation in criminal matters related to corruption cases between Thailand and the Nordic countries.
The National Anti-Corruption Commission (NACC) is a constitutional independent organization and supervised by nine commissioners selected from various professions.