Close Encounters of the Third Kind

Jurassic Park at 30: how its CGI revolutionised the film industry

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Saturday, June 10, 2023
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1993’s Jurassic Park used pioneering computer-generated imagery (CGI) to bring dinosaurs to life in Steven Spielberg’s adaption of the novel of the same name.

Key Points: 
  • 1993’s Jurassic Park used pioneering computer-generated imagery (CGI) to bring dinosaurs to life in Steven Spielberg’s adaption of the novel of the same name.
  • Jurassic Park originated in 1983 as a screenplay by Michael Crichton, whose previous foray into film as writer and director of Westworld (1973) featured an immersive amusement park where androids malfunctioned and caused havoc.
  • But his dinosaur-themed story first found publication as the novel Jurassic Park, which was released in 1990 and became a bestseller.
  • Of these methods, a combination of stop-motion animation for long shots and animatronic puppets for close ups were initially chosen by Spielberg for Jurassic Park.

CGI and animation

    • Dennis Muren from the visual effects company, Industrial Light and Magic (ILM), provided an alternative approach by using CGI modelling and animation.
    • Off the back of pioneering CGI work in The Abyss (1989) and Terminator 2: Judgement Day (1991), Muren and his team produced a test sequence of skeletal dinosaurs.
    • Jurassic Park features 15 minutes of on-screen dinosaurs, of which approximately nine minutes feature Stan Winston’s animatronics and six minutes of ILM’s CGI animation.
    • Although the CGI sections are relatively short, they have a huge impact on the overall storytelling, not to mention the believability that the event is actually happening in front of us.

Impact

    • It also presented the perfect opportunity to develop and showcase the latest advances in CGI.
    • Jurassic Park inspired a number of similarly themed movies such as Disney’s Dinosaur (2000) and the award-winning BBC television series Walking with Dinosaurs (1999).
    • But more than that, it helped bring about a revolution in the use of CGI in filmmaking.

Jurassic Park yn 30 a'r chwyldro effeithiau arbennig ddigwyddodd yn sgil y ffilm

Retrieved on: 
Saturday, June 10, 2023
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Defnyddiodd Jurassic Park 1993 ddelweddau a gynhyrchwyd gan gyfrifiadur (CGI) arloesol i ddod â deinosoriaid yn fyw yn addasiad Steven Spielberg o'r nofel o'r un enw.

Key Points: 
  • Defnyddiodd Jurassic Park 1993 ddelweddau a gynhyrchwyd gan gyfrifiadur (CGI) arloesol i ddod â deinosoriaid yn fyw yn addasiad Steven Spielberg o'r nofel o'r un enw.
  • Daeth y ffilm yn ddigwyddiad yr oedd yn rhaid ei weld yn gyflym iawn a chafodd cynulleidfaoedd eu syfrdanu gan yr olygfa o weld deinosoriaid credadwy yn ymlwyybro ar draws y sgrin fawr am y tro cyntaf.
  • Nid yn unig y gwnaeth Jurassic Park gamau enfawr mewn gwneud ffilmiau effeithiau arbennig, ond fe wnaeth hefyd baratoi'r ffordd ar gyfer myrdd o gynyrchiadau dilynol a oedd yn cynnwys bwystfilod o bob lliw a llun.
  • Fe oedd awdur a chyfarwyddwr y ffilm, Westworld (1973), oedd yn adrodd stori parc adloniant lle’r oedd androidau yn camweithio ac yn rhedeg yn benwyllt.

CGI ac animeiddio

    • Darparodd Dennis Muren o’r cwmni effeithiau arbennig, Industrial Light and Magic (ILM), ymagwedd amgen drwy ddefnyddio modelu ac animeiddio CGI.
    • Ar gefn gwaith CGI arloesol yn The Abyss (1989) a Terminator 2: Judgement Day (1991), cynhyrchodd Muren a'i dîm gyfres brawf o ddeinosoriaid ysgerbydol.
    • Adeiladodd y dechneg hon fodel y deinosor o esgyrn, ychwanegu cyhyr ac yna yn olaf, y croen.
    • Er bod y darnau CGI yn gymharol fyr, maent yn cael effaith enfawr ar y stori, heb sôn am y gred bod y digwyddiad yn digwydd o'n blaenau mewn gwirionedd.

Effaith

    • Roedd hefyd yn gyfle perffaith i ddatblygu ac arddangos y datblygiadau diweddaraf mewn CGI.
    • Roedd y wefr o weld rhuthr y Gallimimus, arswyd ymosodiad y T. Rex ac arswyd yr helfa Velociraptor wedi swyno cynulleidfaoedd ar draws y byd.
    • Ond yn fwy na hynny, fe helpodd i greu chwyldro yn y defnydd o effeithiau arbennig CGI mewn ffilmiau.

SecurityScorecard Research Shows 98% of Organizations Globally Have Relationships With At Least One Breached Third-Party

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, February 1, 2023
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“An organizations’ attack surface spans beyond just the technology that they own or control, ” said Aleksandr Yampolskiy, co-founder and CEO of SecurityScorecard.

Key Points: 
  • “An organizations’ attack surface spans beyond just the technology that they own or control, ” said Aleksandr Yampolskiy, co-founder and CEO of SecurityScorecard.
  • For every third-party vendor in their supply chain, organizations typically have indirect relationships with 60 to 90 times that number of fourth-party relationships.
  • Research showed that compared to the primary organization, third-party vendors are five times more likely to exhibit poor security.
  • Approximately 10% of third-party vendors receive an F rating among organizations that earn an A rating for their own security posture.