Plongeur

Classic literature still offers rich lessons about life in the deep blue sea

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, July 12, 2023

In the novel, a supposedly indestructible vessel strikes an iceberg.

Key Points: 
  • In the novel, a supposedly indestructible vessel strikes an iceberg.
  • A man of untold wealth dreams of voyaging to the bottom of the sea, sharing with a select few passengers a glimpse of the mysteries of the deep.
  • He descends to the ocean floor in order to gawk at the wreckage of a great ship that sank years before.

Exploring the ‘seven seas’

    • A “league” (French “lieue”) was a measure that has been different lengths at different times in history.
    • In Melville’s novel, the great white whale rams the good ship Pequod and drags Captain Ahab to a watery death.
    • For Hardy, the claim that the Titanic was “unsinkable” is a prime example of human arrogance.

Unexplored depths

    • Indeed, it is often said that we know more about Mars than we do about the bottom of the sea.
    • The National Ocean Service reminds us that the seas cover more than two-thirds of the planet.
    • This fear is depicted in such haunting paintings as Théodore Géricault’s “The Raft of the Medusa” and J.M.W.
    • In our world of marine biodiversity loss, bleached coral and ocean acidification, we need positive as well as paranoid imaginings of the deep.

Among the first

    • It was only with the invention of the submarine that humans could reach more than a few feet below the surface of the waves.
    • In the 1620s the Dutch inventor Cornelis Drebbel descended into the River Thames in a bell-shaped submersible powered by oars, his oxygen supplied by setting fire to saltpeter.
    • His more immediate inspiration was the Plongeur, designed for the French navy in the early 1860s.
    • It reached a depth of 30 feet – or 9 meters – and could stay underwater for two hours.
    • Verne saw a model of it at the 1867 Exposition Universelle in Paris, where he also learned about a recent discovery: the mechanical power of electricity.