Cell death is essential to your health − an immunologist explains when cells decide to die with a bang or take their quiet leave
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Wednesday, October 4, 2023
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While death may seem passive, an unfortunate ending that just “happens,” the death of your cells is often extremely purposeful and strategic.
Key Points:
- While death may seem passive, an unfortunate ending that just “happens,” the death of your cells is often extremely purposeful and strategic.
- The intricate details of how and why cells die can have significant effects on your overall health.
- My own research explores how immune cells switch between different types of programmed death in scenarios like cancer or injury.
Quietly exiting: silent cell death
- Regardless of the timeline, the death of old and damaged cells and their replacement with new cells is a normal and important bodily process.
- Silent cell death, or apoptosis, is described as silent because these cells die without causing an inflammatory reaction.
- Apoptosis is an active process involving many proteins and switches within the cell.
- Sometimes cells can detect that their own functions are failing and turn on executioner proteins that chop up their own DNA, and they quietly die by apoptosis.
- Whether it’s for development or maintenance, your cells are quietly exiting to keep your body happy and healthy.
Going out with a bang: inflammatory cell death
- This inflammatory cell death is typically triggered by bacteria, viruses or stress.
- Rather than quietly shutting down, cells undergoing inflammatory cell death will make themselves burst, or lyse, killing themselves and exploding inflammatory messengers as they go.
- These infections are rarely fatal because your immune cells can aggressively eliminate the pathogen’s niche by inducing inflammatory cell death.
- The virus behind the COVID-19 pandemic also causes a lot of inflammatory cell death.
- Researchers are still studying the role of inflammatory cell death in COVID-19 infection, and understanding this delicate balance can help improve treatments.