Nilpena Ediacara National Park

‘It could be the death of the museum’: why research cuts at a South Australian institution have scientists up in arms

Retrieved on: 
Friday, April 19, 2024

“It could be the death of the museum,” says renowned mammalogist Tim Flannery, a former director of the museum.

Key Points: 
  • “It could be the death of the museum,” says renowned mammalogist Tim Flannery, a former director of the museum.
  • “To say research isn’t important to what a museum does – it’s sending shock waves across the world,” she says.

What’s the plan?

  • According to the museum’s website, this skeleton crew will focus on “converting new discoveries and research into the visitor experience”.
  • Others have tackled global questions such as the evolution of birds from dinosaurs, how eyes evolved in Cambrian fossils, and Antarctic biodiversity.

What’s so special about a museum?

  • Their remits are different, says University of Adelaide botanist Andy Lowe, who was the museum’s acting director in 2013 and 2014.
  • Unlike universities, he says, the museum was “established by government, to carry out science for the development of the state”.
  • “They’re crucial for what goes on above; you need experts not second-hand translators,” says University of Adelaide geologist Alan Collins.
  • He wonders what will happen the next time a youngster comes into the museum asking to identify a rock.
  • The museum’s Phillip Jones now uses this collection in his research, delivering more than 30 exhibitions, books and academic papers.

Continuity and community

  • Without attentive curation and the life blood of research, the collections are doomed to “wither and die”, says Flannery.
  • That raises the issue of continuity.
  • In Flannery’s words, the job of a museum curator:
    is like being a high priest in a temple.
  • Over Jones’ four decades at the museum, his relationships with Indigenous elders have also been critical to returning sacred objects to their traditional owners.
  • Besides the priestly “chain of care”, there’s something else at risk in the museum netherworld: a uniquely productive ecosystem feeding on the collections.
  • Here you’ll find PhD students mingling with retired academics; curators mingling with scientists; museum folk with university folk.
  • In the year ending 2023 for instance, joint museum and university grants amounted to A$3.7 million.

DNA and biodiversity

  • The museum has also declared it will no longer support a DNA sequencing lab it funds jointly with the University of Adelaide.
  • “No other institute in South Australia does this type of biodiversity research,” says Andrew Austin, chair of Taxonomy Australia and emeritus professor at the University of Adelaide.
  • “It’s the job of the museum.” The cuts come while the SA government plans new laws to protect biodiversity.


Elizabeth Finkel does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

How algae conquered the world – and other epic stories hidden in the rocks of the Flinders Ranges

Retrieved on: 
Sunday, August 6, 2023

Evidence of how it came to be so beautiful and nurturing is locked in the rocks of South Australia’s Flinders Ranges – a site now vying for World Heritage listing.

Key Points: 
  • Evidence of how it came to be so beautiful and nurturing is locked in the rocks of South Australia’s Flinders Ranges – a site now vying for World Heritage listing.
  • Their legacy is the oxygen we breathe and the evolution of the first animals more than 500 million years ago.
  • The soft bodies of these animals have been exceptionally preserved at the new Nilpena-Ediacara National Park, which opened in April 2023.

A superbasin on the shores of the Pacific

    • The rocks of the Flinders Ranges formed at the same time as the Pacific Ocean basin.
    • The plate tectonic “dance of the continents” tore North America away from Australia 800 million years ago.
    • Geologists call this the Adelaide Superbasin.

Land of fire and ice

    • The planet plunged into an 80-million-year Ice Age, the likes of which has never been seen again.
    • The Cryogenian contains a least two global glaciations when the planet became covered in ice - an occurrence earth scientists refer to as “Snowball Earth”.
    • Read more:
      Ancient volcanic eruptions disrupted Earth's thermostat, creating a 'Snowball' planet

Part One: Picturing the world before the first animals

    • The glaciers ploughed through hills and valleys, planing off the country and leaving behind vast swathes of boulder clay that now forms rocks over much of the Flinders Ranges.
    • We used these variations to build a picture of highly saline shallow seas rich in bacterial life, but devoid of much else.

Part Two: Dating Snowball Earth

    • Using established methods we can date one of the minerals in the sand (zircon).
    • This enabled us to more accurately date the Snowball Earth rocks in the Flinders Ranges called the Sturt Formation.
    • It is the first study to directly date sedimentary rocks that formed during the Snowball Earth event.
    • So the planet experienced more of a cold period rather than a completely frigid snowball.

The rise of the algae

    • The geological processes and their timing helps us understand how the Earth system came to be.
    • The frozen world of the Cryogenian stressed the microbial life that dominated the oceans way back then.
    • This newcomer was algae, life with cells containing a nucleus.

A place of true world heritage

    • Our research into these rocks links the interdependence of Earth systems.
    • The stories locked in the hills of the Flinders Ranges undoubtedly give the region a heritage value to the world.
    • We eagerly await news of world heritage listing, which is not expected until 2025 at the earliest.