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• Today it is home to more than 250,000 people – roughly comparable to the population of St. Petersburg, Florida, or Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
• Unlike those cities, however, 30% of households on the Navajo Reservation lack running water.
• While the average American uses between 80 and 100 gallons (300-375 liters) of water per day, Navajo Nation members use approximately seven.
• Since the 1950s, the Navajo Nation has pressed the U.S. government to define the water rights reserved for them under the 1868 treaty that created their reservation.

The centrality of water rights

• Water rights – the ability of individuals to use public water supplies – have always been a central issue in the U.S. West.
• Because all of the water in many western rivers has been fully allocated, these rights have a significant potential to displace existing juniors, or people who came later and have rights under state water law.
• In this context, it’s clear why the Navajo have called on the federal government for decades to specify their federally reserved water rights.

Does a ‘permanent home’ imply access to water?

• Thousands of U.S. troops roamed Navajo lands, destroying everything they could.
• After the Navajo surrendered in 1864, they were forcibly relocated 300 miles to Bosque Redondo, a barren area of eastern New Mexico.
• Many Navajo died on the “Long Walk,” and more perished over the next four years.
• Forty years later, the Supreme Court issued a ruling in Winters v. United States that became a guidepost for understanding tribes’ and nations’ federal reserved water rights.

What does the 1868 treaty require?

• In the ruling, Justice Brett Kavanaugh refused to find that the 1868 treaty satisfied the Winters framework.
• The 1868 treaty “reserved necessary water to accomplish the purpose of the Navajo Reservation.
• “Nor is it the role of the Judiciary to rewrite a 155-year-old treaty.” That job, Kavanaugh asserted, fell to Congress.
• In Gorsuch’s view, the promise of a permanent homeland, together with the history surrounding the treaty and background principles of Indian law, was enough to conclude that the 1868 treaty – following the principle set out in Winters v. United States – secured some water rights for the Navajo.

What’s next for the Navajo?

• Any judicially recognized rights for the Navajo from the Colorado River would reduce water available to the states.
• This ruling solidifies the states’ Colorado River water rights and indefinitely postpones resolution of the Navajo Nation’s claims.

• It has been selected by APALD, a national organization dedicated to raising awareness for the opioid crisis facing so many people in the United States today, and will be played during a national rally day on May 6, 2023.
• Like his new music video "Dedicated to Life," James frequently writes about timely social issues impacting the world around him.
• The message of hope and the cause of raising awareness about the opioid crisis is also what spoke to Ethan Isaac (a Ridgefield, CT), co-owner of Factory Underground Studio , who is producing the music video.
• "Our hope will be that the song and video will not only become an anthem song but also help bring awareness to the No.

• Uncensored returns for an outrageous summer weekend for five performances only of adult comedy, puppet mayhem, and new surprises on The Jim Henson Company's historic lot in Hollywood.
• Uncensored is never the same show twice, effortlessly blending increasingly unhinged feats of improv comedy with the unparalleled skill and originality of Henson puppeteers.
• These five performances will also feature new interpretations of classic sketches originally created by Jim Henson that will be making their Puppet Up!
• Uncensored" (a live puppet improvisational show named one of the top 10 "Best Stage Shows" by Entertainment Weekly).

• These digital efforts, which also feature themed YouTube collections such as the Topo Gigio playlist , will expand to include monthly segments, many in high-res HD, from The Ed Sullivan Show on the official Topo Gigio Facebook page beginning today as part of a new promotional collaboration between SOFA Entertainment and Topo Gigio SRL.
• "Topo Gigio SRL is proud to have a longstanding relationship with SOFA Entertainment," said Salvatore Rondinelli, Senior Vice President of Business Affairs for Topo Gigio SRL.
• Also from Alessandro Rossi, President of Topo Gigio SRL: "We are very pleased to be able to integrate classic Topo Gigio content from The Ed Sullivan Show into Topo's Facebook posts.
• Topo Gigio on The Ed Sullivan Show Facebook/TOPOGIGIOFOREVER Schedule: